Ratiometric Fluorescent Detection of Cellular Stress & Toxicity
The cell stress sensor is a genetically-encoded fluorescent biosensor that produces very bright fluorescence when the cell endures endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress or undergoes the unfolded protein response (UPR). The biosensor is a two-color biosensor, allowing ratiometric detection of cellular stress and toxicity. The fluorescent ratio between the constitutively expressed, nuclear localized, red fluorescent protein and the stress induced, nuclear localized, green fluorescent protein is calculated to determine the level of cellular stress. A broad host of both chemical compounds and genetic mutations can induce ER stress. The UPR is one of the major stress pathways within the cell, which allows the stress sensor to detect a wide range of stress inducing stimuli, some whose primary target is not the ER.
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